The sacred thread ceremony (Sanskrit: उपनयनम्, upanayanam) that invests the wearer with the sacred thread is often considered a socially and spiritually significant rite (or samskara). It has varying formats across Hindu-Buddhist communities and is also called by varying names, including Upanayana, Munj,Janeu rasm and Bratabandha.Among Hindus, the ceremony was once associated with the three higher castes, but is now administered to all adolescent males without consideration of caste by several denominations.[7] Though far less common, it is also sometimes conducted for girls.[7] In some regions of modern North India, the ceremony is often conducted as an immediate precursor to wedding ceremonies, instead of during adolescence, while in other regions it is almost always associated with adolescence.[8]Among Buddhists, the ceremony can be conducted at all ages and for both genders.
The word mangalsutra literally means "an auspicious thread". It is usually a gold pendant strung from a yellow thread prepared with turmeric, a string of black beads or simply a gold chain. It is comparable to the wedding ring of the West. A married woman is expected to wear the mangalsutra until her husband's death. It is tied around the neck of the bride on the day of marriage symbolizing the union. Mangalya dharanam or Thaali kettu (literally "wearing the mangalya or thaali") is the most important part of a Hindu marriage ceremony. In certain local cultures, the groom ties the first of the three knots while his sisters tie the rest.
It is called मंगळसूत्र (mangalsutra) in Marathi, தாலி (thaali) in Tamil, ತಾಳಿ (thaali) or ಮಾಂಗಲ್ಯ (mangalyasutra) in Kannada and thaali (తాళి), maangalyam (మాంగళ్యము), mangalsutram (మంగళసూత్రము) or pustelu (పుస్తెలు) in Telugu. Konkanis wear three necklaces around their neck referred to as Dhaaremani or Muhurtmani (big golden bead), Mangalasutra with one or two gold discs and Kasithaali with gold and coral beads. In Malayalam it is simply referred to as Thaali in general
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